Wound Healing Activity of Phyllanthin-rich Sub-fractions Ointment: Isolated from Meniran (Phyllanthus niruri L.) Leaf in Experimental Rats Using Hydroxyproline as Biochemical Marker
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Abstract
Effective healing of skin injury involves complex simultaneous processes. Extracts of meniran
(Phyllanthus niruri L.), a plant medicine found in almost all parts of Indonesia, have been
essential in traditional wound healing treatments. Phyllanthin is the major therapeutically active
lignan present in Phyllanthus species. This study investigated the wound-healing activity. of
ointments prepared from a phyllanthin-rich subfraction of meniran leaf in an animal model. Two
parameters were measured, namely, hydroxyproline concentration and wound healing
percentage. Hydroxyproline is a biochemical marker representing collagen production in wound
healing. Seventy-two rats were divided into four groups of 18, including a control group and
three groups administered 5, 10, and 15% phyllanthin-rich fraction ointment. Each of the four
groups was subdivided according to the treatment duration of 5, 10, and 15 days. The
hydroxyproline concentration and wound healing percentage were analyzed by one-way
ANOVA followed by Duncan’s post-hoc test. The increase in hydroxyproline concentration and
wound healing percentage showed that the effect of each ointment concentration was
significantly different (p <0.05) compared to the control group. The optimal ointment
concentration was 10%, with optimal results after 15 days. The study revealed that the
phyllanthin-rich sub-fraction isolated from meniran (Phyllanthus niruri L.) had a wound healing
activity on Adult male Wistar rats (Rattus novergicus).
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