Phytochemical, Antibacterial, and Cytotoxic Properties of Suji Plant (Dracaena angustifolia [Medik.] Roxb.) Nanoemulsion Serum as Potential Anti-Acne
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Abstract
Acne or acne vulgaris is a common skin condition caused by clogging of hair follicles or pores
of oily skin. Suji (Dracaena angustifolia [Medik.] Roxb.), an Indonesian herbal plant, is used to
prevent bacterial growth. The study was conducted to identify the phytochemicals of ethanol
extract of suji leaves and analyze the cytotoxic and antibacterial properties against
Propionibacterium acnes and Staphylococcus aureus of its nanoemulsion. The results showed
that the ethanol extract of suji leaves contained active compounds of alkaloids, phenols,
flavonoids, saponins, triterpenoids, and steroids which are secondary metabolites. Serum
nanoemulsion showed strong antibacterial activity against Propionibacterium acnes and
Staphylococcus aureus at 500 and 750 ppm. The IC50 value of MTT Assay for the cytotoxic
effect of nanoemulsion of ethanol extract of suji leaves was 61.92 µg/mL, which indicated that
the extract was moderately active against prepuce cells, which is used as a model of acne prone
skin. Nanoemulsion of suji leaf ethanol extract has antibacterial and cytotoxic properties, so it
has potential as an anti-acne agent.
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