Phytochemical, Antibacterial, and Cytotoxic Properties of Suji Plant (Dracaena angustifolia [Medik.] Roxb.) Nanoemulsion Serum as Potential Anti-Acne
Article Sidebar
Main Article Content
Abstract
Acne or acne vulgaris is a common skin condition caused by clogging of hair follicles or pores
of oily skin. Suji (Dracaena angustifolia [Medik.] Roxb.), an Indonesian herbal plant, is used to
prevent bacterial growth. The study was conducted to identify the phytochemicals of ethanol
extract of suji leaves and analyze the cytotoxic and antibacterial properties against
Propionibacterium acnes and Staphylococcus aureus of its nanoemulsion. The results showed
that the ethanol extract of suji leaves contained active compounds of alkaloids, phenols,
flavonoids, saponins, triterpenoids, and steroids which are secondary metabolites. Serum
nanoemulsion showed strong antibacterial activity against Propionibacterium acnes and
Staphylococcus aureus at 500 and 750 ppm. The IC50 value of MTT Assay for the cytotoxic
effect of nanoemulsion of ethanol extract of suji leaves was 61.92 µg/mL, which indicated that
the extract was moderately active against prepuce cells, which is used as a model of acne prone
skin. Nanoemulsion of suji leaf ethanol extract has antibacterial and cytotoxic properties, so it
has potential as an anti-acne agent.
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
References
De Canha MN, Komarnytsky S, Langhansova L, Lall N.
Exploring the anti-acne potential of impepho [Helichrysum
odoratissimum (L.) Sweet] to combat Cutibacterium acnes
virulence. Front Phar. 2020;10:1-21.
Doi:10.3389/Fphar.2019.01559
Fournière M, Latire T, Souak D, Feuilloley MGJ, Bedoux G.
Staphylococcus epidermidis and Cutibacterium acnes: Two
major sentinels of skin microbiota and the influence of
cosmetics. Nat Instit Healt. 2020;8(11):1-31.
Doi:10.3390/Microorganisms8111752
Nakyai W, Pabuprapap W, Sroimee W, Ajavakom V,
Yingyongnarongkul B, Suksamrarn A. Anti-acne vulgaris
potential of the ethanolic extract of Mesua ferrea L. flowers.
Nat Instit Healt. 2021;8(4):1-12.
Doi:10.3390/Cosmetics8040107
Zulfa E, Rizqi PR, Andriani RS. Antibacterial activity of suji
leaves (Pleomele angustifolia N. E Brown) on Streptococcus
mutans bacteria. J Ilm Cen Eks. Published Online 2018:15-18.
Herwin H, Sari ZP, Nuryanti S. Antibacterial activity of
ethanol extract of green tea leaves and amps (Camellia
Sinensis L.) against disease-causing bacteria
(Propionibacterium acne and Staphylococcus epidermidis) by
agar diffusion. J Ilm As-Syif. 2018;10(2):247-254.
Doi:10.33096/Jifa.V10i2.448
Kurnia LD, Ruga R, Saleh C. Phytochemical analysis and
antibacterial activity test of methanol extract of suji leaf
(Pleomle angusitolia N.E Brown). J Kim Mul. 2022;20(1):17.
Doi:10.30872/Jkm.V20i1.1106
Wulansari, S. A., Sumiyani, R., and Aryani, N. L. D., 2019,
The Effect of Surfactant Concentration on the Physical
Characteristics of Nanoemulsion and Nanoemulsion Gel
Coenzym Q10, J Res Chem. 4(2): 143.
Taleb MH, Abdeltawab NF, Shamma RN, Aboud HM, ElSherbiny IM, Saleh MA. Origanum vulgare L. essential oil as a
potential anti-acne topical nanoemulsion: in vitro and in vivo
study. Molecules. 2018;23(9):2164.
doi:10.3390/molecules23092164
Damayanti H, Wikarsa S, Jafar G. Nanoemulgel formulation of
manggis (Garcinia mangostana L.) skin extract. J Ris Phar
Ind. 2019;1(3):166-176. Doi:10.33759/Jrki.V1i3.53
Felix J, Suyono T, Chiuman L. Effect of elephant trunk leaf
extract on malondialdehyde and superoxide dismutase levels in
rats with high activity. Lan J. 2023;11(2):147.
Doi:10.22373/Lj.V11i2.19116
Fachrial E, Lina J, Harmileni H, Anggraini S, Sihotang WY.
Hypoglycemic activity and safety assessment of Pediococcus
acidilactici strain dnh16 in experimental Type 2 diabetes
mellitus rats induced with streptozotocin. Ind Bio J.
;16(1):31-39. Doi:10.18585/Inabj.V16i1.2781
Ulfa DM, Tulandi SM, Sulistiyo J. Toxicity evaluation with
brine shrimp lethality test and phytochemical analysis of some
Indonesian plant extracts as potential anti-colon cancer agents.
Trop J Nat Prod Res. 2024;8(4):6864-6867.
Doi:10.26538/Tjnpr/V8i4.16
Wardhani FM, Chiuman L, Ginting CN, Ginting SF, Nasution
AN. Effects of white turmeric extract (Curcuma zedoaria) as a
nephroprotector in copper-induced wistar male white rats. J
Ind Med Assoc. 2020;69(8):258-266. Doi:10.47830/Jinma-Vol.69.8-2019-186
Laftouhi A, Hmamou A, Bencheikh N, Elrherabi A, Mahraz
MA. Effect of climate change on the phytochemical
constituents, essential oil yield and chemical composition of
Inula viscosa leaves. Trop J Nat Prod Res. 2024;8:7073-7081.
Jusnita, N., and Nasution, K., 2019, Nanoemulsion
Formulation
of Moringa Leaf Extract (Moringa oleifera Lamk), J AgroindTech and Manage 8. 8(3) : 165–170.
Chairunisa U, Rosaini H, Musa ZFA, Makmur I, Eriadi A,
Yetti RD. Optimization of nanoemulsion formula from
asiaticoside active compounds using design expert® 13. Int J
Res Publ Rev. 2022;3(10):1046-1051.
Doi:10.55248/Gengpi.2022.3.10.44
Yeo E, Chieng CJ, Choudhury H, Pandey M, Gorain B.
Tocotrienols-rich naringenin nanoemulgel for the management
of diabetic wound: fabrication, characterization and
comparative in vitro evaluations. Curr Res Phar Drug Discov.
;100019. Doi:10.1016/J.Crphar.2021.100019
Susilo RI, Nasution AN, Mutia MS. Effectiveness of mahkota
dewa leaves extract as a biofilm inhibitor of propionibacterium
acnes growth. J Teknol Lab. 2023;12(1):4-13.
doi:10.29238/teknolabjournal.v12i1.393
Gunawan HC, Yusliana Y, Daeli PJ, Sarwendah S, Chiuman
L. Antibacterial test of pineapple fruit pulp juice (Ananas
comosus (L) Merr) against Staphylococcus aureus bacteria. J
Med Heal 2019;15(2):170. Doi:10.24853/Jkk.15.2.170-177
Herrmann L, Hahn F, Wangen C, Marschall M, Tsogoeva SB.
Anti-SARS-Cov-2 inhibitory profile of new quinoline
compounds in cell culture-based infection models. Chem-A
Eur J. 2022;28(4). Doi:10.1002/Chem.202103861
Bafadal M, Mutiara WO, Malaka MH. Cytotoxic activity of
ethanol extract Petrosia sp. in vitro against HELA cancer cells.
J Farm Sci Pract. 2022;7(3):282-288.
Doi:10.31603/Pharmacy.V7i3.6121
Kosasih E, Chiuman L, Lister INE, Fachrial E.
Hepatoprotective Effect of Citrus Sinensis Peel Extract
Against Isoniazid and Rifampicin-induced Liver Injury in
Wistar Rats. Maj Obat Tradis. 2019;24(3):197-203.
doi:10.22146/mot.45762
Rihantini M, Zulfa E, Prastiwi LD, Yulianti ID. Effect of
ultrasonication time on physical characteristics of suji leaf
ethanol extract (Pleomele angustifolia) chitosan nanoparticles
and physical stability test using cycling test method. J Farm
Science and Farm Klin. 2020;16(02):125.
doi:10.31942/jiffk.v16i02.3237
Pratiwi A, Noorlaela E, Mahyuni S. Inhibition Test of Nutmeg
Leaf Extract (Myristica fragrans houtt) Liquid Soap Against
Propionibacterium acnes and Staphylococcus aureus. Scient J
Bas Envir Scien. 2019;19(2):80-88.
doi:10.33751/ekol.v19i2.1649
Godoy-Gallardo M, Eckhard U, Delgado LM. Antibacterial
approaches in tissue engineering using metal ions and
nanoparticles: From mechanisms to applications. Bioact
Mater. 2021;6(12):4470-4490.
doi:10.1016/j.bioactmat.2021.04.033
Berrouet C, Dorilas N, Rejniak KA, Tuncer N. Comparison of
drug inhibitory effects (IC50) in monolayer and spheroid
cultures. Bull Math Biol. 2020;82(6):1-18.
Doi:10.1007/S11538-020-00746-7
Fitriani F, Subiwahjudi A, Soetojo A, Yuanita T. Cytotoxicity
of cocoa peel extract (Theobroma cacao) on Bhk-21 fibroblast
cell culture. Conserv Dent J. 2019;9(1):54-55