Ameliorative Effect of Pigeon Pea Leaves and Ginger Extract on Oxidative Stress Condition in Kidney and Liver of Experimental Diabetic Rats
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Abstract
Pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan) leaves and ginger (Zingiber officinale) are known to have strong antioxidant activity both in vitro and in vivo, but information on the effectiveness of these plants in reducing oxidative stress in diabetes mellitus (DM) is limited. Therefore, this study aimed to analyze the oxidative stress condition in kidney and liver of experimental DM rats treated with the extract of pigeon pea leaves and ginger. The extract was analyzed for polyphenol profile using Acquity Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography instrument (UPLC) equipped with tandem micro mass. In vivo experiment was conducted with 25 male Sprague Dawley rats, randomly allocated into five groups: negative control (NC), DM rats as positive control (PC), DM treated with glibenclamide (G), and two DM groups treated with different doses of pigeon pea leaves and ginger extract (A and B). DM condition was achieved using 110 mg/kg BW alloxan-induction and all treatments were conducted for 28 days. The oxidative stress marker, malondialdehyde (MDA), and antioxidant-superoxide dismutase (SOD) were analyzed using a spectrophotometer and Cu, Zn-SOD with the immunohistochemical technique. In addition, the blood glucose level was analyzed. The results showed that pigeon pea leaves and ginger extract increased SOD activity and Cu,Zn-SOD content but reduced MDA levels in kidney and liver of DM rats. The treatment also lowered blood glucose levels, hence, it was concluded that pigeon pea leaves and ginger extract ameliorated oxidative stress in kidney and liver of DM rats.
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