In vitro Anti-diabetic and Anti-oxidative Evaluation of Hydro-methanol Bark Extract of Bauhinia acuminata (L.)
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Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a multifactorial disease of significant public health concern globally. This study aimed to assess the in-vitro effect of hydro-methanol (3:2) Bauhinia acuminata stem bark extract on diabetes and diabetes-linked oxidative stress to develop an herbal-based product against diabetic complications. Qualitative analysis, TLC, and LC-MS were performed to determine the phytomolecule(s) in the extract. Diabetes was induced in rats by a single intramuscular injection of streptozotocin. The liver, kidney, small intestine, heart, and skeletal muscle were dissected from the control and diabetic groups on the 29th day of streptozotocin injection and placed immediately into the in-vitro media and dosed with the extract except for the control and untreated diabetic groups. Carbohydrate metabolic enzymes, anti-oxidative markers, and general toxicity sensors were evaluated. Dosing of extract at 10, 20, and 40 mg/10 mL of in-vitro media reduced the activity of glucose-6-phosphatase significantly (p<0.05), but hexokinase activity in liver, skeletal, and cardiac muscle were unchanged compared with the untreated diabetic group. Inhibition in enteric alpha-glucosidase activity was noted. The activities of antioxidant enzymes and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances level were recovered significantly (p<0.05) in the hepatic and renal tissues after extract treatment compared to the untreated diabetic group. Glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase and glutamate pyruvate transaminase activities were reduced in the tissues of treated groups compared to the untreated diabetic group. This study showed that at 1mg/ml, the extract exhibited significant effects on the metabolic function of diabetic rat tissues with an increase in endogenous antioxidant levels.
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