Goniothalamin Isolated from Goniothalamus andersonii Improves Hematological and Biochemical Markers in Induced leukemia BALB/c Mice

Siti M. Yaacob; Nor H. Iskandar; Zalilawati M. Rashid; Syed A. T. T. Johari; Intan S. Ismail

doi:10.26538/tjnpr/v8i4.14

Authors

Siti M. Yaacob Faculty of Bioresources and Food Industry, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, Besut Campus, 22200 Besut, Terengganu, Malaysia
Nor H. Iskandar Faculty of Bioresources and Food Industry, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, Besut Campus, 22200 Besut, Terengganu, Malaysia
Zalilawati M. Rashid Faculty of Bioresources and Food Industry, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, Besut Campus, 22200 Besut, Terengganu, Malaysia
Syed A. T. T. Johari Centre for Research in Infectious Diseases (CeRIDB), Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, Medical Campus, 20400 Kuala Terengganu, Terengganu, Malaysia
Intan S. Ismail Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.26538/tjnpr/v8i4.14

Keywords:

Goniothalamin, Goniothalamus andersonii, serum biomarkers, hematological biomarkers, induced leukemia BALB/c mice

Abstract

The efficacy of goniothalamin, a styryl-lactone derivative as an alternative drug for leukemia
treatment has generated interest among natural products scientists. However, the studies on
goniothalamin treatment effects on serum biochemicals in relation to haematology have been
lacking. This study evaluated the effect of goniothalamin (GTN) isolated from Goniothalamus
andersonii supplemented into induced leukemia BALB/c mice model to determine the serum
biochemicals and hematological markers changes post supplementation. The mice were
categorized into normal mice (NM), untreated leukemia (LM) and goniothalamin-treated
leukemia (GTN-LM) groups. Treated mice were supplemented with 40 mg goniothalamin per kg
b.w. from day-14 and every alternate day until day-28. The present study showed that the enlarged
spleen of leukemia mice was reduced toward normal dimension following GTN treatment.
Besides, the serum biochemicals related to kidney and liver functions including urea (8.43 ± 0.85
mmol/L), creatinine (20.33 ± 0.67 µmol/L), total bilirubin (1.78 ± 0.17 µmol/L), alanine
transaminase (ALT) (65.33 ± 23.51 U/L) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) (245.00 ± 36.17
U/L) of the GTN-LM group were found to be significantly different than LM group. Conversely,
the insignificant difference of these biomarkers between GTN-LM and NM groups had indicated
the improvement of leukemia toxicity to normal condition. The GTN-LM peripheral blood
containing lower immature granulocytes and monocytes as well as had higher apoptotic index
(35%) as compared to LM signified that goniothalamin had induced the apoptotic cell death. Thus,
this finding highlighted the potential of goniothalamin as an alternative medicine against
leukemia.

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