The Volatile Constituents from Lepidium sativum and Tridax procumbens Shoots Exhibit Antimicrobial Effect and Inhibitory Activities Against α-Amylase Enzyme and 2,2-Diphenyl-1-Picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) Radical
Article Sidebar
Main Article Content
Abstract
The bioprospecting of wild functional food plants used in the urban communities in developing countries as sources of food and medicine has been on the rise steadily. Lepidium sativum and Tridax procumbens are wild edible plants in Nigeria with tremendous ethnomedicinal uses. In this research, volatile extracts were obtained from the shoots of the two plants via steam distillation and subjected to Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry analysis, antimicrobial analysis and inhibitory activities against α-amylase enzyme and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical, respectively. A white color volatile extract was obtained from L. sativum shoot while a translucent volatile extract with sweet scent was obtained from T. procumbens shoot. Both extracts consist of vary constituents of phytochemicals. The extract from L. sativum only showed moderately susceptibility against Streptococcus pneumonea with zone of inhibition of 11.5 mm among the selected microbes while extract from T. procumbens showed a broader susceptibility towards more microbes with higher zone of inhibition values and a better inhibitory activity against Staphylococcus aureus with minimum inhibition concentration MIC of 31.23 mg/g. Both extracts have better alpha-amylase inhibitory activity with EC50 values of 134.48 µg/mL (L. sativum) and 106.74 µg/mL (T. procumbens), respectively when compared to the EC50 value of 165.93 µg/mL of the standard drug acarbose. However, the standard drug (ascorbic acid) exhibited better inhibitory activity against DPPH radical with EC50 value of 41.69 µg/mL when compared to their EC50 values of 47.71 and 48.63 µg/mL, respectively. The results show that the volatile extracts contain phytochemicals with antimicrobial, anti-diabetic and antioxidant potentials.
Downloads
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
How to Cite
References
Al-Snafi AE. Chemical constituents and pharmacological effects of Lepidium sativum. Int. J. Curr. Pharm Res. 2019;11(6):1-0.
Hassan LG, Hassan SW, Hashim T, Umar KJ, Sani NA. Determination of nutritive values of garden cress (Lepidium sativum L.) leaves. Bayero J. Pure Appl. Sci. 2011;4(2):18-23.
JSTOR Global Plants Lepidium Sativum Linn. [family CRUCIFERAE] [Online]. 2000 [cited 2022 Oct. 30]. Available from https://plants.jstor.org/stable/10.5555/al.ap.upwta.1_1167
Mali RG, Mahajan SG, Mehta AA. Lepidium sativum (Garden cress): a review of contemporary literature and medicinal properties. Adv. Tradit. Med. 2007;7(4):331-5.
Shah MB, Dudhat VA, Gadhvi KV. Lepidium sativum: A potential functional food. J. Ayurvedic Herbal Med. 2021;7(2):140-9.
Kamel R, Elmotasem H, Abdelsalam E, Salama A. Lepidium sativum seed oil 3D nano-oleogel for the management of diabetic wounds: GC/MS analysis, in-vitro and in-vivo studies. J. Drug Deliv. Sci. Technol. 2021;63:102504.
Ait-Yahia O, Perreau F, Bouzroura SA, Benmalek Y, Dob T, Belkebir A. Chemical composition and biological activities of n-butanol extract of Lepidium sativum L (Brassicaceae) seed. Trop J. Pharm. Res. 2018;17(5):891-6.
Besufekad Y, Beri S, Adugnaw T, Beyene K. Antibacterial activity of Ethiopian Lepidium sativum L. against pathogenic bacteria. J. Med. Plants Res. 2018;12(6):64-8.
Alqahtani FY, Aleanizy FS, Mahmoud AZ, Farshori NN, Alfaraj R, Al-Sheddi ES, Alsarra IA. Chemical composition and antimicrobial, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory activities of Lepidium sativum seed oil. Saudi J. Biol. Sci. 2019;26(5):1089-92.
Al-Otaibi MS, Al-Quraishy S, Al-Malki ES, Abdel-Baki AA. Therapeutic potential of the methanolic extract of Lepidium sativum seeds on mice infected with Trypanosoma evansi. Saudi J. Biol. Sci. 2019;26(7):1473-7.
Basaiyye SS, Kashyap S, Krishnamurthi K, Sivanesan S. Induction of apoptosis in leukemic cells by the alkaloid extract of garden cress (Lepidium sativum L.). J. Integr. Med. 2019;17(3):221-8.
Baregama C, Goyal A. Phytoconstituents, pharmacological activity, and medicinal use of Lepidium sativum Linn.: A review. Asian J. Pharm. Clin. Res. 2019;12(4):45-50.
El-Haggar M, El-Hosseiny L, Ghazy NM, El-Fiky FK, El-Hawiet A. Phytochemical investigation, antimicrobial and cytotoxic activities of suspension cultures of Lepidium sativum L. South Afr. J. Bot. 2021;138:500-5.
Amutha R, Sudha A, Pandiselvi P. Tridax procumbens (coat buttons)–A gift of nature: An overview. Saranraj P., Feliciano Dire G. & Jayaprakash A., Pharmacological Benefits of Natural Products. Jps Sci. Publ. India. 2019:193-212.
Detoro Naturals. Detoro Naturals Health Tip (DHNT031#) [Online]. 2016 [cited 2023 July 2] Available from www.facebook.com/DetoroNaturals
Ikewuchi CC, Ikewuchi JC, Ifeanacho MO. Phytochemical composition of Tridax procumbens Linn leaves: Potential as a functional food. Food Nutr. Sci. 2015;6(11):992-1004.
Beck S, Mathison H, Todorov T, Calder E, Kopp OR. A review of medicinal uses and pharmacological activities of Tridax procumbens (L.). J Plant Stud. 2018;7(1):19-35.
Joshi RK, Badakar V. Chemical composition and in vitro antimicrobial activity of the essential oil of the flowers of Tridax procumbens. Nat. Prod. Commun. 2012;7(7):941-2.
Bharathi V, Varalakshmi B, Gomathi S, Shanmugapriya A, Karpagam T. Antibacterial activity of Tridax procumbens Linn. Int. J. Pharma Sci. Res. 2012;3(4):364-7.
Andriana Y, Xuan TD, Quy TN, Minh TN, Van TM, Viet TD. Antihyperuricemia, antioxidant, and antibacterial activities of Tridax procumbens L. Foods. 2019;8(1):21.
Ahmed SS, Alqahtani AM, Alqahtani T, Alamri AH, Menaa F, Mani RK, DR B, Kavitha K. Green synthesis, characterizations of zinc oxide nanoparticles from aqueous leaf extract of Tridax procumbens Linn. and Assessment of their anti-hyperglycemic activity in streptozoticin-induced diabetic rats. Mater. 2022;15(22):8202.
Bhagwat DA, Killedar SG, Adnaik RS. Anti-diabetic activity of leaf extract of Tridax procumbens. Int. J. Green Pharm. (IJGP). 2008;2(2).
Poonkodi K, Jayapriya V, Sujitha K, Jeevitha R, Megha P. In-vitro anticancer activity and essential oil composition of Tridax procumbens (L.). Am J. Pharm. Tech. Res. 2017;7(2):366-71.
Sujitha R, Sharmila R. Phytochemical analysis and in vitro anticancer activity of Tridax procumbens Linn. World J. Pharm Res. 2018;7:867-78.
Manjamalai A, Kumar MJ, Grace VM. Essential oil of Tridax procumbens L induces apoptosis and suppresses angiogenesis and lung metastasis of the B16F-10 cell line in C57BL/6 mice. Asian Pac. J. Cancer Prev. 2012;13(11):5887-95.
Suryawanshi HP, Jain A, Pawar SP. A descriptive study and in-vitro antioxidant activity of leaves extracts of Tridax procumbens Linn. J. Med. Pharm Allied Sci. 2021;1(1905):1-4.
Islamiati Y, Suryani Y, Adawiyah A, Taufiqurrohman O, Kharisma VD, Purnamasari D, Soekamto NH, Rahaju AS, Mandeli RS, Aledresi KA, Yusof NF. The Potential of Antivirus Compounds in Gletang (Tridax procumbens Linn.) in Inhibiting 3CLpro Receptor of SARS-CoV-2 Virus by In Silico. Pharmacogn. J. 2022;14(6).
Ak T, Gülçin I. Antioxidant and radical scavenging properties of curcumin. Chem.-Biol. Interact. 2008;174(1):27-37.
Gafar MK, Salim F, Shah SA, Azman II, Ahmad R. Diastereotopic labdane diterpenoids from rhizomes of Hedychium coronarium with α-glucosidase activity and their molecular docking study. Phytochem. Lett. 2023;53:47-55.
Shai LJ, Masoko P, Mokgotho MP, Magano SR, Mogale AM, Boaduo N, Eloff JN. Yeast alpha glucosidase inhibitory and antioxidant activities of six medicinal plants collected in Phalaborwa, South Africa. South Afr. J. Bot. 2010;76(3):465-70.
Atef NM, Shanab SM, Negm SI, Abbas YA. Evaluation of antimicrobial activity of some plant extracts against antibiotic susceptible and resistant bacterial strains causing wound infection. Bull. Natl. Res. Cent. 2019;43(1):1-1.
Mogana R, Adhikari A, Tzar MN, Ramliza R, Wiart CJ. Antibacterial activities of the extracts, fractions and isolated compounds from Canarium patentinervium Miq. against bacterial clinical isolates. BMC Complement. Med. Ther. 2020;20(1):1-1.
Getahun T, Sharma V, Gupta N. Chemical composition, antibacterial and antioxidant activities of oils obtained by different extraction methods from Lepidium sativum L. seeds. Ind. Crops Prod. 2020;156:112876.
Singh P, Jain K, Khare S, Shrivastav P. Evaluation of phytochemical and antioxidant activity of Tridax procumbens extract. Pharm Biosci. J. 2017;24:41-7.
Sonawane A, Srivastava RS, Sanghavi N, Malode Y, Chavan B. Anti-diabetic activity of Tridax procumbens. J. Sci. Innov. Res. 2014;3(2):221-6.
Manjamalai A, Valavil S, Grace V. Evaluation of essential oil of Tridax procumbens L. for Anti-Microbial and Anti-Inflammatory activity. Int. J. Pharm. Pharm. Sci. 2012;4(3):356-63.