Pharmacological Actions of Phytoconstituents on Neurodegenerative Disorders

Abolanle A. A. Kayode¹*, Omowumi T. Kayode², Damilare E. Rotimi³

¹Department of Biochemistry, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Babcock University, Ilishan-Remo, Ogun State, Nigeria

²Department of Biochemistry, College of Basic and Applied Sciences, Mountain Top University, Kilometer 12, Lagos-Ibadan Expressway, Prayer City, Ogun State, Nigeria

³Department of Biochemistry, College of Pure & Applied Sciences, Landmark University, Omu-Aran, Kwara State, Nigeria

Corresponding Author: [email protected]; [email protected] ; Tel: +2348038272670

Recieved Date: 28 August 2021; Accepted Date: 17 July 2022; Published Date: 04 August 2022

Citation: Kayode AAA, Kayode OT, Rotimi DE. Pharmacological Actions of Phytoconstituents on Neurodegenerative Disorders. Trop J Nat Prod Res. 2022; 6(7): 1019-1046 http://www.doi.org/10.26538/tjnpr/v6i7.2

Copyright:

© 2022 Kayode et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

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ABSTRACT

Neurodegenerative diseases (NDs) have over the years become a growing cause for concern and it is increasingly becoming a major health problem associated with impairment, ageing of the brain and other neuropathological conditions. These include Parkinson’s disease, Dementia, Huntingtons disease, Alzheimer disease, and Depression. Due to increase in prevalence of various NDs over the years, there is growing need to provide suitable means by which the disease can be mitigated. Various pharmacological agents are being researched on to investigate the most suitable and effective means to curb these diseases. This review was aimed at perusing therapeutic potentials of various pharmacological agents in the treatment of NDs. Over a hundred research papers, from Pubmed, NCBI, BMC med, Neurosci etc published on NDs treatments via phytochemicals within the past two decades were analysed. This review will help guide research on pharmacological agents with a wider range treatment options for NDs. Curcumins were most frequently studied for all NDs management. Other commonly used pharmacological agents are resveratrol, epigallocatechin n-gallate (ECGC) and l-theanine. In the management of NDs, curcumin is found to normalize altered mechanisms associated with caspase-3 level, TNF-?, COX-2, NO, iNOS, PGE2, IL-6, Glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), IL-1?, insulin-degrading enzymes, apoptosis, inflammation, mitochondria dysfunction, inhibitory activity of AChE, and cell viability. It was surmised from the study that curcumin, resveratrol, ECGC and L-theanine are the most common and effective classes of phytochemicals for a wide range of NDs management.