Neuroprotective Effect of Beta-D-glucan Polysaccharide Fractionate of Auricularia Polytrichaon on Hyperglycaemia-Induced Cerebral Injury in Diabetic Animal Model

Cyril A. Agbor*, Christe E. Fischer, Eric A. Agaba, Williams A. Nnenna

Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Calabar, Nigeria.

Corresponding Author: [email protected]; Tel: +2348063459642

Recieved Date: 29 November 2021; Accepted Date: 29 December 2021; Published Date: 04 January

Citation: Agbor CA, Fischer CE, Agaba EA, Nnenna WA. Neuroprotective Effect of Beta-D-glucan Polysaccharide Fractionate of Auricularia Polytrichaon Hyperglycaemia-Induced Cerebral Injury in Diabetic Animal Model. Trop J Nat Prod Res. 2021; 5(12): 2182-2186 http://www.doi.org/10.26538/tjnpr/v5i12.24

Copyright:

© 2021 Agbor et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

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ABSTRACT

An edible mushroom Aricularia polytricha is used by local Nigerians in managing diabetes-related complications including infertility and diabetic neuropathy but this age long practice has been going on without the corresponding acceptable experimentation. ?-D-Glucan polysaccharide is a bioactive fractionate of Auricularia polytricha, an edible mushroom with nutritional and therapeutic properties. This study was intended to investigate the neuroprotective effect of ?-D-Glucan polysaccharide on hyperglycaemia-induced cerebral injury in diabetic Wistar rats. Experiment animals were grouped into four; Group A served as normal control while groups B, C and D were induced with diabetes using 65 mg/kg.bw of streptozotocin (STZ). Diabetic animals in Groups C and D, were then treated with 120 mg/kg.bw and 200 mg/kg.bw of ?-D-Glucan polysaccharide respectively. At termination, analysis of oxidative stress markers was done to estimate serum levels of the markers; histopathological examination was done to determine micro structural alteration of brain cells; cell quantification was also done to assess the degree of hypertrophy and proliferation of neurons. Statistical analysis was carried out using Analysis of Variance at p<0.05. Results showed that hyperglycaemic ambience induced a significant increase in serum level of oxidative stress markers with a concomitant increase in cell count, volume and mean size. However, levels of oxidative stress markers were significantly downgraded following ?-D-Glucan polysaccharide administration. Glial cell aggregation and inflammatory infiltrates were also decreased when compared to diabetic control animals indicating reversal in cerebral damage. The present study suggests that ?-D-Glucan polysaccharide has neuroprotective effect in diabetes-induced cerebral damage in Wistar rat.