Anticancer and Antibacterial Activities of Solanum aethiopicum L., Solanum macrocarpon L. and Garcinia kola Heckel

Bolaji B. Oluremi¹, Jeremiah J. Oloche^{2 ⃰}, Adekunle J. Adeniji³

¹Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ibadan, Oyo State, Ibadan Nigeria

²Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Oyo State, Ibadan Nigeria

³Department of Virology, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Oyo State, Ibadan Nigeria

Corresponding Author: [email protected]; Tel: +2348 034 113 486

Recieved Date: 06 January 2021; Accepted Date: 25 May 2021; Published Date: 03 June

Citation: Oluremi BB, Oloche JJ, Adeniji AJ. Anticancer and Antibacterial Activities of Solanum aethiopicum L., Solanum macrocarpon L. and Garcinia kola Heckel. Trop J Nat Prod Res. 2021; 5(5):938-942. http://www.doi.org/10.26538/tjnpr/v5i5.23

Copyright:

 © 2021 Oluremi et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

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ABSTRACT

Cancer and infectious diseases are among the top ten leading causes of death in developing countries. The discovery and development of newer agents for combating these global health problems cannot be overemphasized. This study was designed to investigate the activities of extracts of S. aethiopicum, Solanum macrocarpon and Garcinia kola on cancer and antibacterial pathogens. The Agar well diffusion method was used to evaluate antibacterial activity of the extracts. In vitro anticancer activity against cervical cancer (HeLa), breast cancer (MCF-7) and epidermoid carcinoma of the larynx (HEp-2) was done by microscopic evaluation of morphology and by determination of 50% cytotoxic concentrations (CC50). The CC₅₀ of ethyl acetate extracts of Solanum aethiopicum and Solanum macrocarpon against MCF-7 were 38.79 µg/mL and 41.30 µg/mL respectively, and were significantly lower (p < 0.05) compared to the CC₅₀ of the other extracts. Dichloromethane extract of Garcinia kola was significantly cytotoxic (p<0.05) on cervical cancer (CC₅₀ = 38.13 µg/mL) compared to DCM extracts from Solanum aethiopicum and Solanum macrocarpon. The minimum concentration of methanol extracts of Solanum aethiopicum, Solanum macrocarpon and Garcinia kola that inhibited the growth of Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae was 1.56 mg/mL. S. aethiopicum, S. macrocarpon and Garcinia kola extract demonstrated significant (p < 0.05) anticancer and antibacterial activities and as such are promising sources of novel plant-derived anticancer and antibacterial drugs.