Wild Chamomile (Matricaria recutita L) from the Taounate Province, Morocco: Extraction and Valorisation of the Antibacterial Activity of its Essential Oils

El-Mehdi El-Assri^1*, Noureddine Eloutassi², Azeddin El Barnossi¹, Faissal Bakkari³, Anouar Hmamou², Abdelhak Bouia¹

¹Laboratory of Biotechnology, Environment, Agri-Food and Health, Faculty of Sciences Dhar El Mahraz, Sidi Mohammed Ben Abdellah University, Fez, Morocco

²Laboratory of Engineering, Molecular Organometallic Materials and Environment Faculty of Sciences Dhar El Mahraz University Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah, Fez, Morocco

³Laboratory of Biotechnology, Conservation and Valorisation of Natural Resources, Fez, Morocco

Corresponding Author: [email protected]; Tel: +212682406212

Recieved Date: 09 March 2021; Accepted Date: 22 May 2021; Published Date: 03 June

Citation: El-Assri EM, Eloutassi N, El Barnossi A, Bakkari F, Hmamou A, Bouia A. Wild Chamomile (Matricaria recutita L) from the Taounate Province, Morocco: Extraction and Valorisation by Evaluation of the Antibacterial Activity of its Essential Oils. Trop J Nat Prod Res. 2021; 5(5):883-888. http://www.doi.org/10.26538/tjnpr/v5i5.15

Copyright:

© 2021 El-Assri et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

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ABSTRACT

The resistance of micro-organisms, especially bacteria, to antibiotics available in the market is a worldwide problem. In view of this resistance, the main purpose of this research is to extract and study the antibacterial activity of Matricaria recutita essential oils (EOs) of the Taounate region. EOs of M. recutita was extracted by hydrodistillation of the Clevenger type (HC) and microwave-assisted hydrodistillation (MAH). EOs was extracted by MAH was analysed by gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC-MS) in order to determine its chemical composition, and it was tested against four bacterial strains (Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilus and pseudomonas aeruginosa) using the disk diffusion method and the microdilution method. The MAH method provided the highest yield (0.75±0.013%). Furthermore, the results obtained revealed that M. recutita EOs contains 24 chemical compounds representing 98.49% of the total oils. The majority of compounds were Chamazulene (26.11%) and Cis beta farnesene (11.64%). For the evaluation of antibacterial activity, EOs of M. recutita showed significant activity against E. coli (13.27±0.18 mm), S. aureus (14.13±0.11 mm), B. subtilis (15.2±0.13 mm) and P. aeruginosa (13.07±0.09 mm) and with MICs of 8.33, 8.33, 6.25 and 8.33 µL/mL, respectively. The current results suggest that M. recutita EOs contain certain antimicrobial properties, and can be used as antimicrobial agents in drugs for the treatment of infectious diseases.