Evaluation of Substrate Effects on the Acclimatization of Two Endangered Curcuma Species
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Abstract
Propagation is necessary for the conservation of threatened species. Curcuma aruna Maknoi & Saensouk and C. pitukii Maknoi, Saensouk, Rakarcha & Thammar. have been successfully propagated using tissue culture methods but two main obstacles to transplantation from in vitro to ex vitro are its low survival rate and its poor adaptability to the ex vitro environment. Therefore, this study examined the effects of different substrate composites on the acclimatization of C. aruna and C. pitukii plantlets from greenhouse conditions. The three treatments of sand, peat moss, and sand, black rice husk, and coconut coir (1:1:1 w/w) were used for acclimatization. Acclimatization of C. aruna and C. pitukii was successful when transplanted into peat moss with a 100% survival rate and higher shoot and leaf growth in comparison to other substrates. The high rates of growth and survival indicate that our work is contributing to the conservation of both Curcuma species and can be used as a model for the transplanting of other Curcuma species.
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